MAIN WEATHER AND CLIMATE TRAITS IN THE NORTHEN HEMISPHERE AS OF APRIL 2019
Air Temperature
Abnormally warm weather that reigned in Russia for most of March smoothly migrated to April. In the first decade, the temperature was above normal across the whole country, the anomalies increasing northwards and reaching +6…14° in the arctic region of Siberia and of the Far East. The record-breaking temperature maxima were repeatedly recorded in Yakutia, in the Magadan Region, Chukotka Autonomous district, Kamchatka and northern Krasnoyarsk Territories, Altai Mountains, and in the Kaliningrad Region in the west of the country.
In the second decade, the weather abruptly changed its temper. Significant excess heat survived solely in the North-East Russia, in parts of the Primorye Territory where new records of warmth were set, and in the Russian North. In the rest of Russia, warmth was ousted by arctic cold whose intrusion was especially remarkable in Western Siberia where the anomalies of decade-averaged temperatures became negative (-1…-3°). And the latter was also true for the European territory (viz., in the South and Volga Federal districts) where the decade-averaged air temperature was, if slightly, below normal as well. There, the weather on certain days was nevertheless warm, occasionally reaching the record-breaking temperature maxima in the Tambov, Penza, Saratov and Sverdlovsk Regions.
In the very beginning of the third decade, it became colder in the Volga Region, in the Urals and in Western Siberia: in essence, winter returned there. New temperature minima were recorded in the Sverdlovsk, Ulyanovsk, Penza, Samara, Volgograd and Orenburg Regions. The same was observed on certain days in the Central Russia and in the south of the country. In the last days of the month, night frosts came to the Moscow Region. The anomalies of decade-averaged temperatures in the Urals and in West Siberia were -3…-5°. The air temperature was above normal in the west and the east of the country only, approximately by 3-7°.
MAIN WEATHER AND CLIMATE TRAITS IN THE NORTHEN HEMISPHERE AS OF MARCH 2019
Air Temperature
In Russia, the first month of calendar spring was very warm. March 2017, the warmest one in the history of meteorological observations in this country, is still in memory: back then, the monthly-averaged temperature exceeded its normal value all over Russia, with the anomalies as large as +10…14° in Siberia. This time, the anomalies were +8…10° in the same region, and were if at all negative nowhere else but in parts of Kamchatka and on some of Kuril Islands. March 2019 was the third warmest March in the Russian meteorological chronicle. In Siberia, the monthly-averaged temperature reached its absolute maximum and surpassed even the 2017-year value; in Urals, it became the second highest and in the Volga Region, the fifth highest one since the first year of regular meteorological observations, i.e., since 1891. Aside from Siberia, the unprecedented maxima of air temperatures were also recorded in Trans-Baikal, in the Khabarovsk and Primorye Regions, beyond the Arctic Circle, in Chukotka and in Central Russia.