MAIN WEATHER AND CLIMATE TRAITS IN THE NORTHEN HEMISPHERE AS OF DECEMBER 2018
Air Temperature
The air temperature during all December was close to normal in the European territory of Russia (ETR) excluding its North. Of course, the weather was sometimes colder for several days only to become warmer after an inflow of warm air. As a result, the monthly-averaged air temperatures in the ETR were almost normal albeit that accompanied by weak positive anomalies. And the North, namely, the Murmansk and Arkhangelsk regions as well as the Komi and Karelia republics, was the only exception where the monthly-averaged air temperatures exceeded their normal values by 2-6° or more, with the peak daily temperatures recorded therein.
Siberia rendered an entirely different picture where the cold in the first and third decades contrasted with the anomalous warmth in the second decade, the anomalies of decade-averaged temperatures being as low as -10…-12° in cold periods and as high as the same values negated in warm ones. Moreover, the substantial warmth and the equally strong cold were alternating at a surprisingly high rate from time to time. For example, the daily maximum of air temperatures recorded in Turukhansk in the end of the second decade dropped down in a matter of few days to the daily minimum in the third decade. The coldest temperatures were -40° or below.
The air temperatures in Yakutia were even lower: below -50°, though their monthly-averaged values in the Republic of Sakha were somewhat higher than usual. These values in all territories of the Far Eastern Federal district other than its northern-most East lands were above normal. The only overly cold region was Chukotka where the monthly-averaged temperature was 2-6° below the normal value.
The average December temperature in the country as a whole was close to normal, with its anomaly less than one degree.
THE MAIN WEATHER AND CLIMATE FEATURES OF THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE IN NOVEMBER 2018
Air Temperature.
In the beginning of November, the unusually warm weather was kept in the north-west of Russia. The new air temperature maximums were registered from Murmansk to Kaliningrad. The warmth anomalies of the first decade have set here +2…5°. But then the cold came and although in the Russian North along the Barents sea in the second decade the warm weather dominated, in the other part of the European Russia the average monthly air temperature anomalies became negative. In the third decade everywhere, from Barents to Black sea it was noticeably colder than usual. The average monthly air temperature over the decade is below the norm by 3-6°. As a result, the air temperature in the Central, South federal district and in the south of the Volga district per month became below the norm by 1-3°, it is not seldom phenomenon. Over the 18 years of XXI century, the same and colder November was repeated here for the 4th time, the last one – in the year before.